The Black Robin or Chatham Island Robin (Petroica traversi) is only found in the Chatham Islands off the east coast of New Zealand. The recovery of the Chatham Islands black robin from the brink of extinction is an internationally renowned conservation success story. In 1980 only five survived on Little Mangere Island and pioneering intensive breeding and conservation measures by Don Merton and his Wildlife Service team, and by "Old Blue", the last remaining fertile female, has resulted in the survival of this friendly bird. The species is still endangered, but now numbers around 250 individuals in populations on Mangere Island and South East Island.

The Chatham Islands are an archipelago and New Zealand territory in the Pacific Ocean, over 800 kilometres east of southern New Zealand.